History of Zionism
The old Zionist
According to this view world view widely shared around the Zionist make Zionism early in the second half of the nineteenth century until the end of the nineteenth century.
The vast majority of Jews to Europe were Msurien (Mtdinyin) passage of the eighteenth century originated in Europe in the name of an intellectual movement called the Enlightenment (Alhscalah) that movement
Christin open than toward the Jews made. Europe such movement had accepted Judaism. The passage of the nineteenth century, especially in Germany and France opened the Jewish community
Christian community. Process led Western Jews, who invited her movement education or enlightenment.
Until the end of the nineteenth century Judaism had crossed the great process of economic assimilation of the Christian community and the passage of the nineteenth century, the Jews of western profit
Europe of freedom "equal rights" and officially turned the Jews for the first time in history since the rise of Christianity equal rights for citizens.
Although the phenomenon of the Enlightenment emerged in parallel with the romantic and modern nationalism. Nationalist movement that emerged after Alrwamnsah ideas argued that identity
The core of man is the national identity built on the historic language of the common ground and that identity should represent the state and all the people of the state and the Jewish They considered themselves so
People with owners of debt path others become a place of Judeo-Christian as well as the transformation of modern Jews to the Germans follow the religion of Moses. Although the rise of romance about
Jews in the eyes of Mahaitihm function as nothing to do with the rising nationalism historian Tsafi Graz noted the rise of Jewish nationalism and pointed to it.
Awareness that nationalism could be the presence at the hands of Zionist thinkers Kmoshe Hess and Pinker and Herzl. And Jaht considering ideology own Judaism as a nationality caused the formation of
Al-Qaeda to form a national Zionist movement, which eventually led to the establishment of a national Jewish state. Enlightenment and education came to Eastern Europe, only two contracts last century Net
nineteenth. Jews of Eastern Europe also began the process of enlightenment and education. Although they are a civilized compared to the Jews of Europe and the Shatt al.
The peoples of Eastern Europe were all more conservative (because of slow progress and strength in excess of the church) and therefore the Jewish education process between those peoples were met with a large rejected by
Besides the Christian community, to join the opposition represented in popular programs (such as storms south) and (Kihanif programs), which opposed the Jews of Central Europe. East Jews
Europe did not receive liberation bestowed upon the Jews of Western Europe therefore remained isolated in accordance with the law and suffered persecution as a result of the power and found it to be educated Jews in
Eastern Europe, the difficulty in finding a way to merge with Eastern European community of the year. A large part of the educated Jews from Eastern Europe joined a socialist organization items
Jewish working in Russia and another part Search fate of Western countries, especially the United States, where the Jews are assimilated more easily.
Happened with the beginning of the eighties of the nineteenth century general migration from Eastern Europe, especially to go to the United States until World War I, the number of immigrants arrived almost
To about 35 million.
Major causes of immigration has been a significant increase in the great economic pressure that they lived by was 2.5 million among all immigrants and Jews who did not suffer population
Only economic problems alone, but also of anti-Semitism. Only a very small part of the Jews decided to migrate to Vlttsan Bbmujh in so-called first and second immigration
The reasons in fact multiple first and foremost is that Palestine closer and a lot cheaper than the United States, as well as religious link (most Almhajrien were Mtdinyin) hope they
Satoqlmwa more economically and in Palestine. That was the beginning of the unification of nationalist ideas, those years have in Romania, Russia and the movements love of Zion and who encouraged the revival
The Language Hebrew and immigration to Palestine met heavy Committee Ktovic in 1884 have joined the movement to the movement of large and identified themselves as the beginning of Zionism as a political movement
nationalism. In the Dec. 301 881 in Romania Bockshan Council met and who was the first Zionist Congress and established the central goal of the settlement in Palestine and Syria.
The first organization to migrate to Vlttsan day was August 25, 1882, and came from Galicia and Romania, where the first ship, which brought 220 immigrants who are immigrants who have resided
The attack Pensa and the memory of Jacob.
The majority of immigrants first migration came from Eastern Europe and the territory of Russia, located in Poland and Romania are also about 2,500 immigrants came to Palestine from Yemen in it
Time.
Holders of Maowa thought that the end of the nineteenth century have crossed the wall of utopia and transformed into programs to achieve them. In fact no big numbers since the mid-nineteenth century
Bebas disciples of Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Yehuda Ben-Shlomo neighborhood citadel immigrants flocked to Jaffa regions of the Ottoman Empire and exile of the Jews in Spain and Central
Europe. In Jaffa supported themselves to carry the communities in exile (Mtaaidan with their ancient settlements who relied on the mechanism of distribution) and prepared architecture
Intellectual social and institutional economic to accommodate the Jews of Eastern Europe, who came to Palestine with the last quarter of the century.
The migration of students is migration, which deserves to be called the first migration and also Kulab also Zafy Cklishor affected the "Spring of the Peoples" European of the mid-nineteenth century.
Ten and try blending European ideas with historical and religious yearning for the return of the Jews to the land of Zion.
The founder of Zionism
In 1894 journalist Benjamin Zeev Herzl, a Jewish journalist covered the Dreyfus trial and the trial over Herzl noted that the French public and the judges accuse
Dreyfus of treason without any conclusive evidence or even worse than that that the French public was not screaming "Death to the traitor" without inflict "Death to the Jews" This incident
Herzl explained that there is vitriolic hatred for the Jews in the soles of peoples is no future for Jews in Europe as a result of that incident Herzl start to move in order to establish a state for the people
Jewish. But the biggest vulnerability of Herzl was the emancipation failed to secure freedom for Jews and social rights Almtasoah. Through operations undermine the Austrian Empire
Hungary, where he lived with two million Jews. And the rise of nationalist movements, racist and xenophobic lands.
In August 29, 1897 met Almatma Alassaaona Herzl first initiative of the World Zionist Organization and held (Histadrut). Most Council members came from the east
Europe because the economic system in Western Europe enabled the Jews there from the merger.
Herzl was elected to be the head of the organization has continued in his efforts. Thread discussed with world leaders wrote letters in this regard and also other things such as the Letter of
Jews. Thus, Tan has laid the foundation for all the political systems of the Zionist movement and the State of Israel. At that council decided democratic Zionist movement, as well as established
By starter important "voting parties and are not representatives," where the truth that enabled everyone to be represented in parliament and this is also the situation in the Knesset State
Israel.
World Zionist Organization was held without a request from the Commission Ktovic. Herzl and the novelty of the way despite the lack of knowledge of the movement of lovers of Zion, which was a nationalist movement
It aims to establish a national home for the Jewish people, without any details about when and where they are held are held, and eventually joined lovers of Zion, the Zionist movement and formed the "Nets sector."
It is a relatively small sector Nazi Zionism. Innovation great Herzl met with great popular movement, opposed immigration to Palestine, calling to work in silence and when Oaicoa by
Herzl authorities decided to work in reverse. His goal was to reach a global legalization of Zionism with its own flag and Aloaatrav the legal right of the Jews as a people must be
Him his state hence the idea of political Zionism. In order to reach that goal Herzl appealed to the initiator of the Ottoman Empire and the British Caesar Germany Halombratorah
It was the end of that process is to achieve the Balfour Declaration and the recognition of a national home for the Jews and the decision of the United Nations in 1947. The division achieved Herzl predicted popular process
And legitimate process and accepted by his aides in all the difficult points of convergence which crossed Zionism until realized.
Because programs Kihanif Council met Zionist Senate sixth and done in Basel in 1903 show Herzl Uganda project, which according to him are held Jewish settlement
In Uganda.
That project look great controversy in the Seventh Council which met in 1905 he decided that the only land that can be held by the state for the Jews is Palestine. Important goal
About that Palestine should be the headquarters of the future leaders of the state (Zionist Zion), led by Menachem Usishkin and Yahyaial Thellenov and Hmraaho to part from Afinokintejh
Terrans Movement (Altriotralestien) Thus, the Zionist movement has officially announced its goal of establishing a Jewish homeland in Palestine. As a result of that decision in 1908 has
The establishment of the Israeli National Bureau (Alorts Yisraeli) led by Artur René who were novices ceremony statehood.
The second immigration
Aloaawam between 1903 to 1904 emigrated to Palestine, particularly from Eastern Europe about 35 thousand migrants, including 13,000 to 1000 are the ones who have stayed there.
Only a handful of immigrants from 1000 to 1500 were influenced by national Baloadologih socialism.
Noah ideology that was a great influence on the settlements in Palestine. According to the installation of the demographic was the immigration dramatically along the first migration.
The vast majority of immigrants came from Eastern Europe, especially the boundaries of the moshav and Jalitsaa. And very few Islamic countries. Audience immigrants were the families of the province
Religiously and who were Aamiloan in improving their status Economic and find comfort and social status and the completion of their next system, and most of them did not orderly nor his ideas
Specific.
Very few men between the second immigration were young men and women in their twenties who emigrated were socialists and Zionists (pioneers and nationalists) and inside them mettle
Young. Young group full of Jewish socialism and nationalism were the hard core that led the pioneering settlement with Israel. Frameworks of their vision of Astttiyan Bvelstim
And make it a major land values even though they speak all the time Aladechiah use of the Hebrew language seemed to them is very important. Part of them was willing to give up privacy and individuality in order
Their goals. These immigrants rebelled against Jewish life in exile and Oradnoa making (new society) and (the new Adam) in Palestine. Those few formed the intellectual elite of the settlement
Bvelskin which was the leadership role of the settlement until the establishment of the state and even beyond. Over the years, the second immigration known that elite but studies today indicate that those
Group were few and do not have to represent the rest of the immigrants in the second migration.
Among immigrants that immigration there was David Ben-Gurion and Yitzhak Ben-Zvi and Oda.da Gordon. In 1917 the Zionist enterprise succeeded to fulfill the dreams of Herzl
And who died in 1904 and obtain the Balfour Declaration, which has Britain announced its recognition of the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. Make sure that statement by the League of Nations
United in 1920 framed Mandate, which declared Britain.
Third immigration
After the First World War took place in Russia's civil war it has hurt a lot of Jews, and as a result the youth movement and emigrated to Palestine, many Jews, especially young people. Who
Led the most effort from the National Socialist ideology third for Migration Qaeda and these people Tzmoa "Halotsam" (pioneers) and that the immigration movement of the guard
Small (Hashomer Hatsair) which was Thompsl left Socialist and Communist until the passage of the sigmoid reached represented by the Labour Party even joined Marts.
As a result of the Mandate in 1929 by the Jewish Agency, which was its duty to initiate the establishment of a national home.
Agency took over the leadership of the Palestine Almistotant and initiated the formation mechanisms and the team who Sakhaddmwa state in the future.
Third immigrants immigration concentrated especially in the settlements and villages, not cities and Oostkaroa and set up a new Mistotant such applaud and Wadi bin Raaial