Iraq history ... Babylon













Babylon, a famous city in the ancient world, and the capital of the kingdom and Babylonian empires Pablatin

It was located on the banks of the Euphrates River near the present city of Hilla in Iraq. This site has helped her to become an important commercial center, as the city was the religious center of Babylonia. And the word Babylon in the Akkadian language means the door of God.


Ancient Babylonian Empire. The first record was written about Babylon about 2200 BC. While King Sumo Ibom founded the first Babylonian ruler of significant dynasty in 1894 BC. The highlight of the kings of the family of King Hammurabi, who ruled from 1792 to 1750 BC, and developed by a group best known for legislation characterized by wisdom and justice. The Hammurabi of Babylon when he ascended the throne, one of several small kingdoms in Mesopotamia (Mesopotamia). I've included the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers to areas that shape today's eastern Syria and southern Turkey and most of Iraq. Hammurabi was subjected to his rule most of the other kingdoms and founded the ancient Babylonian Empire.

Built in Babylon during the reign of Hammurabi, a number of palaces and huge temples. Private homes and identified the guest city streets and winding. The typical house of a central courtyard surrounded by rooms. The city was surrounded by a huge fence to defend it against the invaders, and it has several gates, then traders hold their markets. These were the slave dealer, foodstuffs, textiles, building materials and livestock. Traders Babylonians and was deported to the west to Syria and other countries, and north to Assyria, and south to the kingdoms located along the Arabian Gulf. Often they were trading textiles and grain in exchange for gold, silver and precious stones.

Hammurabi ruled Babylon from the year 1792 to the year 1750 BC, and gained fame for its development legislation characterized by wisdom and justice.
The society in the era of the Babylonian Hammurabi consists of three layers: the aristocracy, public layer, layer thin. The public was mainly the work of farmers and traders or craftsmen. And despite the fact that what we know about a few general layer, it is clear that they lacked all the rights that were enjoyed by the aristocracy. The lowest form of thin layers Babylonian society, but he was able to own and manage their own business, and to borrow money, and even buy their freedom. As women silks ownership can, and it was also their other legitimate rights. The parents usually choose husbands for their daughters.

Ancient Babylonian Empire lost most of its territory after the death of Hammurabi directly. Babylon remained an important cultural and political force, but its rulers did not try to expand their power. It took control of the Assyrian empire to Babylon during the eighth century BC. But the city resisted the Assyrian rule, Vadmourha Assyrian king Sennacherib in 689 BC and his son Sennacherib Esarhaddon rebuilt after eleven years of destruction.

Modern Babylonian Empire. It began the modern Babylonian Empire in 626 BC, when taking military commander Npopob Babylonian king of the Assyrians. It led the Babylonians and their allies attack the Medes, in the years 614 and 612 BC, to the fall of the Assyrian Empire. Dominated modern Babylonian Empire, under the rule of Npopob, who ruled until the year 605 BC, the most of what is known today as the Middle East.

Babylon reached the height of its glory in the light of modern Babylonian Empire. And restored Npopob and his son Nebuchadnezzar II built the city on a larger scale. The workers built during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II, which spanned between the years 605 BC and 562 BC walls around the city, reached a thickness of approximately 26 meters. The interior walls protected the huge, which is surrounded by a moat and large, the main section of the city. The residents of the city of Babylon, walk in and out of them through eight bronze gates.

Ishtar Gate built during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II, between 605-562 BC, and was the largest gate eight bronze gates of the city. The gate has decorated the walls and polished forms like a lion that is shown in the picture above.
The most luxurious of these gates Ishtar Gate huge, which is located on the cobbled street called processions Street, linking Murdoch Temple, located inside the walls plaza great religious festival, which is located outside the city, where he holds the Babylonians statues of their gods along the way during the festival, which was held at the beginning of each New Year. Ishtar Gate and the walls were decorated with shapes of dragons, black, bulls made of colored glazed brick.

The main palace of Nebuchadnezzar and the fort, located between the Ishtar Gate and the Euphrates River. It is likely that this is the spot which contained the famous Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Greeks have described this ancient cultivated gardens on the roof of a tall building, as one of the Seven Wonders. And it extends the temple area towards the south, where the temple is located Murdoch. The province also includes Alzkurh a high tower was known in later times as the Tower of Babel

Comments